答：黑臭水體判定：一是感官判定。水體異味（發臭、發酸）或顏色明顯異常（發黑、發黃、發白）等感官特征進行識別，出現任意一種情況，即視為黑臭水體。

二是公眾評議判定。對感官判斷有爭議的農村水體，有關部門可委托專業機構對水體周邊居住村民、商戶或隨機人群開展調查問卷。調查問卷數量不少于30份，認為“黑”或“臭”問題的人數占被調查人數的60%以上，即視為黑臭水體。三是水質監測判定。難以開展公眾調查評議時，通過水質監測判定。水質監測指標包括透明度（≥25cm）、溶解氧（≥2mg/L）、氨氮（≤15mg/L）3項指標，任意一項不達標即判定為黑臭水體。

　　黑臭水體認定標準，法律分析：黑臭水體，目前的主流定義是以溶解氧、臭閾值、透明度和色度四個指標進行水體質量考量，其中有一項不達標就可稱為黑臭水體。

　　法律依據：《中華人民共和國水污染防治法》 第二十九條 國務院環境保護主管部門和省、自治區、直轄市人民政府環境保護主管部門應當會同同級有關部門根據流域生態環境功能需要，明確流域生態環境保護要求，組織開展流域環境資源承載能力監測、評價，實施流域環境資源承載能力預警。縣級以上地方人民政府應當根據流域生態環境功能需要，組織開展江河、湖泊、濕地保護與修復，因地制宜建設人工濕地、水源涵養林、沿河沿湖植被緩沖帶和隔離帶等生態環境治理與保護工程，整治黑臭水體，提高流域環境資源承載能力。從事開發建設活動，應當采取有效措施，維護流域生態環境功能，嚴守生態保護紅線。

以上黑臭水體判定方法分別來源于蕪湖市政府問答與百度知乎問答！

福建生態環境廳：什么是農村黑臭水體？

　　農村黑臭水體是各縣(市、區)建制鎮(鄉、街道等)的行政村范圍內顏色明顯異常或散發濃烈(難聞)氣味的水體。農村黑臭水體水質具體判定標準及監測方法如下：

　　注：1.*水深不足25cm時，透明度指標閾值按水深的40%取值;

　　2.特征指標任意一項不達標即為黑臭水體。

上海瑞柘環保承接各種河道、湖泊黑臭水體生態修復工程！

　　Answer: black and smelly water body judgment: first, sensory judgment. The odor (smelly, sour) or obvious abnormal color (black, yellow, white) and other sensory characteristics of the water body are identified. In any case, it is regarded as a black and smelly water body.

　　Second, public evaluation and judgment. For rural water bodies with controversial sensory judgments, relevant departments can entrust professional institutions to carry out questionnaires on villagers, merchants or random people living around the water bodies. The number of questionnaires is not less than 30, and the number of people who think that "black" or "smelly" problems account for more than 60% of the respondents, that is, they are regarded as black and smelly water bodies. Third, water quality monitoring and judgment. When it is difficult to carry out public investigation and evaluation, it shall be judged through water quality monitoring. Water quality monitoring indicators include transparency (≥ 25cm), dissolved oxygen (≥ 2mg/l) and ammonia nitrogen (≤ 15mg/l). If any of them fails to meet the standard, it will be judged as a black and odorous water body.

　　Determination of black and odorous water body

　　Legal Analysis on the identification standard of black and odorous water body: the current mainstream definition of black and odorous water body is to consider the quality of water body based on four indicators: dissolved oxygen, odor threshold, transparency and chromaticity. If one of them fails to meet the standard, it can be called black and odorous water body.

　　Legal basis: Article 29 of the law of the people's Republic of China on the prevention and control of water pollution, the competent department of environmental protection under the State Council and the competent department of environmental protection under the people's Government of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government shall, together with the relevant departments at the same level, clarify the requirements for the protection of the ecological environment of river basins, organize the monitoring and evaluation of the carrying capacity of environmental resources of river basins, and implement the early warning of the carrying capacity of environmental resources of river basins. Local people's governments at or above the county level shall, according to the needs of the ecological environment functions of river basins, organize the protection and restoration of rivers, lakes and wetlands, build ecological environment treatment and protection projects such as artificial wetlands, water conservation forests, vegetation buffer zones and isolation zones along rivers and lakes according to local conditions, rectify black and smelly water bodies, and improve the carrying capacity of environmental resources of river basins. In carrying out development and construction activities, effective measures shall be taken to maintain the ecological environment functions of the river basin and strictly observe the red line of ecological protection.

　　The above methods for judging black and smelly water bodies come from Wuhu Municipal Government Q & A and Baidu Zhihu Q & A respectively!

　　Shanghai Ruizhe environmental protection undertakes various ecological restoration projects of black and smelly water bodies in rivers and lakes!